Analysis of Seasonal and Annual Variations in Minimum Temperature at the Sabha Station (1984–2025)

Abstract

This study examines the seasonal and annual characteristics of minimum temperatures at the Sabha weather station from 1984 to 2025. The findings highlight a significant annual increase in minimum temperatures, amounting to approximately 1.5°C. The most pronounced rise occurred during the winter season—an increase of about 2.6°C—indicating a warming trend and a shift in average winter temperatures over the study period. Simple linear regression analysis reveals a positive regression coefficient (*b*) for both seasonal and annual data, with winter and summer showing substantial changes in average minimum temperatures. To analyze these variations, an independent-samples t-test was applied by dividing the study period into two intervals: 1984–2004 and 2005–2025. The results were statistically significant for all periods, with the exception of the winter season