"التنوع البيولوجي والأنواع المهددة بالانقراض في العالم العربي والعالم دراسة جغرافية

Abstract

This research examines the reality of biodiversity in Arab countries compared to the rest of the world, with a focus on endangered species. It also reviews the environmental challenges facing wildlife in light of climate change and increasing human activities. The research relies on a descriptive analytical approach to document and analyze environmental data related to threatened species in Arab countries, as well as to study the effectiveness of nature and marine reserves in reducing biodiversity loss. The research highlights the significant disparity between Arab countries and the world in the allocation of environmental reserves. The effectiveness of reserves varies from one country to another, and some Arab countries demonstrate a lack of integrated environmental efforts despite the efforts made. The research also highlights the differences between different species groups in terms of extinction threats, emphasizing reptiles and amphibians as the most vulnerable due to weak environmental protection in their natural habitats. It also reviews the evolution of trends in biodiversity protection globally and locally, highlighting the progress achieved despite ongoing challenges. The research recommends increasing the percentage of protected lands and marine areas, enhancing regional and international cooperation in the management of reserves, and expanding the scope of protection to include coral reefs and marine nature areas. It also proposes improving the use of technology in monitoring reserves and strengthening the role of local communities in managing nature reserves. The goal of these recommendations is to enhance the effectiveness of environmental protection efforts, achieve sustainable biodiversity in Arab countries, and ensure effective responses to environmental challenges that threaten wildlife and plant life