NONLINEAR BEHAVIOR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SHEAR WALLS UNDER COMBINED LOADING: A COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF ACI 318M-25 AND EUROCODE 8 PROVISIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65405/jwdra988الكلمات المفتاحية:
RC shear walls; nonlinear behavior; ACI 318M-25; Eurocode 8; effective stiffness; plastic hinge; seismic design; finite element modelingالملخص
Reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls are the primary lateral load-resisting system in mid- and high-rise buildings. Increasing architectural complexity now subjects many of these walls to combined axial force, bending moment, shear, and torsion acting simultaneously, producing a highly nonlinear response governed by concrete cracking, reinforcement yielding, stiffness degradation, and progressive damage. This paper reviews experimental and numerical studies published between 2004 and 2025 on the nonlinear behavior of RC shear walls and compares how the American code ACI 318M-25 and the European code Eurocode 8 (together with Eurocode 2) treat the key design parameters that govern this behavior, namely effective cracked-section stiffness, longitudinal and transverse reinforcement ratios, inter-story drift limits, base-shear calculation, and plastic-hinge location. The review shows that both codes rely on simplified, largely empirical stiffness-reduction factors, about 65% for ACI 318M versus 50% for Eurocode 8-Part 1, that do not capture the true, load-dependent nature of cracked-section stiffness; that reinforcement ratio limits differ substantially between the two codes; and that neither code, nor the related Turkish seismic code, provides a closed-form expression for plastic-hinge length as a function of wall geometry and reinforcement ratio. Persistent gaps are identified regarding FRP-reinforced walls, non-rectangular wall shapes (U, L, T, coupled and perforated walls), and boundary-element/stiffness interaction, and directions for future analytical and design-oriented research are proposed.
التنزيلات
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