Graph-Theoretic Invariants and the Normal Subgroup Structure of Automorphism Groups A Unified Treatment of Spectral, Chromatic, and Topological Perspectives Mathematics Subject Classification (2020): 05C25, 05C50, 05E18, 20B25, 20E15. Al-FJS [Internet]. 2026 Jul. 10 [cited 2026 Jul. 16];2(ملحق 3):78-91. Available from: https://afjs.histr.edu.ly/index.php/afjs/article/view/499